When the U.S. Congress passed its omnibus spending and COVID relief bill last month, plenty of people noted that it had a surprising amount for environmentalists to celebrate. Among the topline climate provisions: significant limits on a potent greenhouse gas found in refrigerants, new funds for wind and solar development, and an extension of the 45Q tax credit, which gives companies a tax break for capturing carbon.
There’s no doubt carbon capture is an industry in need of a jump start. If the world is going to meet its goal to keep temperature rise under 2° Celsius compared to preindustrial levels, everyone from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change to the International Energy Agency agrees the world must capture and store much more carbon than we currently do. According to the IEA, we probably need to capture between 10 percent and 20 percent of the roughly 35 billion metric tons of carbon we produce annually if we want to prevent the worst effects of climate change.
John Arensmeyer is an economics expert and former small- business owner who is the founder and chief executive of Small Business Majority.
Fatemeh Khatibloo is a principal analyst at Forrester Research. Fatemeh serves B2C marketing professionals, with a focus on the shifting global consumer data ecosystem. She helps marketers navigate the complex connections between privacy, trust, and ethical data use, including the practices and vendors that can help them bridge the privacy/personalization paradox. Her seminal research on personal identity management (PIDM) describes how consumers will soon manage the sharing of their personal data with each other and with businesses. Her report "Adaptive Intelligence" further defines a framework for privacy-compliant data sharing between organizations to gain insight, reduce risk, and increase profitability.
Fatemeh focuses on privacy, identity, customer insights (CI) services, CI strategy, data monetization, data sharing, adaptive intelligence and consumer preference.
Previous Work Experience
Prior to joining Forrester, Fatemeh was principal of Times Two Marketing, where she built social and multichannel marketing programs designed to engage consumers, drive brand loyalty, and deliver relevant, actionable data to her clients. Prior experience at Binger Catalog Marketing, Abacus, and HagginGroup (now Epsilon) provided her with a deep understanding of the challenges and opportunities facing multichannel organizations across a spectrum of channels, market verticals, and disciplines. She has also held multichannel marketing positions on the client side, with firms like The Flax Companies and The Sharper Image.
Fatemeh is a member of the International Associate of Privacy Professional (IAPP) and is a Certified Information Privacy Manager (CIPM). She has served as a judge for the Multichannel Merchant Awards and the ECHO Awards.
Education
Fatemeh studied journalism at The George Washington University.
Mr. Allburn is a 20+ year industry veteran and President/CEO of DataDelta, Inc. which provides CDI-MDM consulting and patent-pending, vendor-neutral match accuracy analysis software used to analyze & optimize the match accuracy of Data Quality, CDI & MDM vendor match engines including custom, in-house match engines. Mr. Allburn has held senior technical and strategic management positions in the fields of Database Marketing, Data Quality, CDI and MDM for industry leading companies such as Metromail / Experian, the IBM TJ Watson Research Center, Firstlogic and Group 1 Software. During his career Mr. Allburn has been responsible for over 200 successful CDI projects in banking, telecom, catalog and other industries. He is an international speaker and instructor for CDI-MDM Workshops, a contributor to DM Review and other publications, and a recognized Expert Witness in the Data Quality and CDI-MDM industries.
Currently the world captures about 40 million tons a year — a mere tenth of 1 percent of our total annual emissions. The global carbon capture industry is so small, in fact, that the U.S., which has just a dozen commercial facilities working, is its undisputed leader.
There are many reasons why carbon capture hasn’t taken off, but the primary one is that it’s expensive, and for a long time there was no incentive for big emitters such as oil refineries or cement makers to invest in making the technology profitable. In theory, that changed in 2018, when Congress greatly expanded the 45Q tax credit to allow companies to deduct as much as $50 (up from $20) per metric ton of carbon captured and stored permanently underground.
But the expansion came with a catch: It applied only to projects that had begun construction by 2023.
Carbon capture projects are very complicated. According to the Carbon Capture Coalition (CCC), it takes about five years on average just to get permitting to begin construction.
You see the problem. In the two years since 45Q was expanded — with great expectations that it would inspire lots of new projects — none have launched. Brad Crabtree, director of CCC, said several dozen are in the development stage, but many of these are now at risk of being abandoned since COVID has depressed the oil and gas market.
So, Congress stepped in again. Not only did it extend the tax credit out to 2025, the funding bill also added about $2 billion to fund six projects to demonstrate real world operability of innovative new carbon capture technologies. Significantly, two of those are reserved for steel and cement plants, as opposed to utilities, where previous investments have led to big failures. Currently there’s only one steel plant in the world with carbon capture, in Abu Dhabi, and the first cement factory with carbon capture is set to be built in Norway.
What can taxpayers realistically hope to get from their investment? Crabtree said that it will be a good thing if roughly 30 new projects, nearly triple the country’s current capacity, become operational. While that won’t capture nearly enough carbon in the short run, it might be enough to nurture a struggling industry, much the way tax credits in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 helped accelerate wind and solar.
“The whole point of the credit is to prove the technology works and costs can be lowered so a virtuous circle of investing and building can begin,” Crabtree said. “We can then ramp up in 2035."