When the U.S. Congress passed its omnibus spending and COVID relief bill last month, plenty of people noted that it had a surprising amount for environmentalists to celebrate. Among the topline climate provisions: significant limits on a potent greenhouse gas found in refrigerants, new funds for wind and solar development, and an extension of the 45Q tax credit, which gives companies a tax break for capturing carbon.
There’s no doubt carbon capture is an industry in need of a jump start. If the world is going to meet its goal to keep temperature rise under 2° Celsius compared to preindustrial levels, everyone from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change to the International Energy Agency agrees the world must capture and store much more carbon than we currently do. According to the IEA, we probably need to capture between 10 percent and 20 percent of the roughly 35 billion metric tons of carbon we produce annually if we want to prevent the worst effects of climate change.
Leslie C. Egiziano, MBA, SHRM-SCP, SPHR, is a human resources consultant at Paychex HR Services. She has over 15 years of experience working with Paychex clients in HR Solutions. She came to the company with a diverse work history which helps her connect with a variety of clients. She’s done everything from sales and marketing to establishing an HR department and hiring over 400 staff in a year and a half for a tech startup company — all while continuing her education and certification programs.
Mitch Ocampo is Managing Director and Head of Innovation for RGAX Americas. As the transformation engine of Reinsurance Group of America, Incorporated (RGA) he is focused both on the innovation strategy of RGAX Americas and expanding its capabilities in emerging solutions to better serve clients and solve large-scale industry challenges.
An experienced technology executive, Mitch’s work over the past two decades has taken him to the cutting edge of reinsurance and financial services innovation technology. Since 2015, his primary focus has been insurtech: starting in 2015, he was Chief Technology Officer for reinsurance technology specialist TAI (Tindall Associates), and then, after TAI’s acquisition by LOGiQ3, was Group Chief Technology Officer for LOGiQ3’s companies, which include TAI, APEXA, and Cookhouse Lab. LOGiQ3 was acquired by RGAX in 2017.
Previously, Mitch spent four years as Managing Director, Strategic Industries, Americas, for msg global solutions, a global strategic consulting and intelligent IT solutions specialist. Before then, he was Partner and Managing Director of Kogent Corporation, which builds custom business intelligence, data warehousing and analytics solutions for clients. He has also worked in data solutions and software development/engineering roles for a variety of companies including IBM, EMC, and Thomson Reuters.
Mitch’s Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) is from the University of New Hampshire in Durham, N.H. (U.S.), and holds a dual-degree joint M.B.A. in international business from Brown University, Providence, R.I. (U.S.) and IE Business School, Madrid, Spain.
An active member of the global innovation community, he serves on the advisory board of numerous startups and is a mentor, coach, and advisor to Brown University’s B-Lab accelerator, supporting entrepreneurs developing high impact ventures.
Marc Laliberte is senior security analyst at WatchGuard Technologies.
Currently the world captures about 40 million tons a year — a mere tenth of 1 percent of our total annual emissions. The global carbon capture industry is so small, in fact, that the U.S., which has just a dozen commercial facilities working, is its undisputed leader.
There are many reasons why carbon capture hasn’t taken off, but the primary one is that it’s expensive, and for a long time there was no incentive for big emitters such as oil refineries or cement makers to invest in making the technology profitable. In theory, that changed in 2018, when Congress greatly expanded the 45Q tax credit to allow companies to deduct as much as $50 (up from $20) per metric ton of carbon captured and stored permanently underground.
But the expansion came with a catch: It applied only to projects that had begun construction by 2023.
Carbon capture projects are very complicated. According to the Carbon Capture Coalition (CCC), it takes about five years on average just to get permitting to begin construction.
You see the problem. In the two years since 45Q was expanded — with great expectations that it would inspire lots of new projects — none have launched. Brad Crabtree, director of CCC, said several dozen are in the development stage, but many of these are now at risk of being abandoned since COVID has depressed the oil and gas market.
So, Congress stepped in again. Not only did it extend the tax credit out to 2025, the funding bill also added about $2 billion to fund six projects to demonstrate real world operability of innovative new carbon capture technologies. Significantly, two of those are reserved for steel and cement plants, as opposed to utilities, where previous investments have led to big failures. Currently there’s only one steel plant in the world with carbon capture, in Abu Dhabi, and the first cement factory with carbon capture is set to be built in Norway.
What can taxpayers realistically hope to get from their investment? Crabtree said that it will be a good thing if roughly 30 new projects, nearly triple the country’s current capacity, become operational. While that won’t capture nearly enough carbon in the short run, it might be enough to nurture a struggling industry, much the way tax credits in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 helped accelerate wind and solar.
“The whole point of the credit is to prove the technology works and costs can be lowered so a virtuous circle of investing and building can begin,” Crabtree said. “We can then ramp up in 2035."