The Internal Revenue Service released guidance this month to clarify the accounting treatment of payments under the Paycheck Protection Program and caused some consternation among some small businesses and tax experts. Many business owners who applied for loans under the PPP had the expectation the loans would be forgiven as long as their employees were paid for eight weeks, and the businesses would be able to write off their expenses as they traditionally have been able to do. The guidance puts this in doubt.
Notice 2020-32 clarifies that no deduction is allowed under the Internal Revenue Code for an expense that is otherwise deductible if the payment of the expense results in forgiveness of a covered loan under the CARES Act. The income associated with the forgiveness is excluded from gross income.
Carl Mayes is the Senior Technical Manager – Special Projects on the Public Practice and Global Alliances team at the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA). He is responsible for managing practice quality initiatives for the AICPA including regulator quality studies, practice monitoring and various technical and regulatory-focused projects. He is the project manager for the AICPA’s Enhancing Audit Quality initiative and manages the execution of the AICPA’s 6-Point Plan to Improve Audits.
Prior to joining the Public Practice and Global Alliances team, Mayes helped perform market research, develop the business plan and identify the membership model for the AICPA Not-for-Profit Section.
Patrick Tokarski is a Product Manager for the Accounting and Audit Solutions. He has been with Wolters Kluwer since 2016. Prior to joining the product management team, he worked as an A&A Software Consultant helping firms become more productive by conducting training and consulting on various CCH® ProSystem fx® products including Engagement, Knowledge Coach and TeamMate Analytics® among others. Patrick also delivers multiple CCH® Learning and Development Academy School of Audit programs such as Knowledge-Based Audit (KBA) Methodology and role-based programs.
Patrick is a CPA and worked in public accounting as an auditor for seven years. In addition, he spent 8 years in the professional standards group of a national firm. He has also worked in private industry accounting as a controller and consultant helping to implement software and process changes.
Patrick received his Bachelor’s degree in Accounting from the University of Wisconsin – La Crosse. Patrick currently resides in Madison, Wisconsin.
Leslie helps Financial Services companies transform how they connect with their customers using the Salesforce platform. Prior to joining Salesforce, Leslie was a Digital Marketer and Software Product Manager at consumer lending FinTech startups.
Under section 1106(b) of the CARES Act, a recipient of a covered loan can receive forgiveness of indebtedness on the loan in an amount equal to the sum of payments made for the following expenses — payroll costs, any payment of interest on any covered mortgage obligation, any payment on any covered rent obligation and any covered utility payment — during the eight-week “covered period” beginning on the covered loan’s origination date.
The Paycheck Protection Program was designed to provide economic relief for businesses in the wake of COVID-19. If the requirements of section 1106(b) are met, PPP proceeds are excluded from taxable income and the corresponding PPP expenses that are essentially being reimbursed are not tax deductible despite being classified as ordinary expenses under section 162 of the Tax Code. Thus, PPP funding is a tax-exempt “wash” — PPP expenses are not tax deductible to the extent of tax-exempt PPP income. Since “PPP wages” are not currently tax deductible under the program, it will be interesting to see how businesses will be directed to prepare W-2s for 2020.
The CARES Act provides for the payment of fees from PPP funds for the processing of applications on a sliding scale beginning at a rate of 5 percent for loans up to $350,000. These fees have generally become earmarked for banks and other financial institutions despite the hope that many accounting and legal professionals would be eligible for these fees for services rendered in assisting clients to generate the needed paperwork throughout the application process. Banks are receiving tens of millions of dollars in fees from PPP funds to process loans for which they are not at risk. Banks are also collecting transfer fees from PPP funds when these proceeds are wired into business accounts.
The CARES Act legislation stimulus checks were processed based upon Form 1040 filings — essentially bypassing an application process. Similarly, perhaps PPP funding would be more efficiently disbursed if allocations were based upon prior Form 941 filings instead of assessing the same payroll information through a costly application process. Another relief measure would be to allow businesses to take tax deductions for PPP expenses despite the tax-exempt nature of PPP proceeds.
