In a pandemic environment, longstanding transfer pricing policies can lead to suboptimal tax results. Multinationals that incur losses in some locations while earning generous profits in others could be overpaying taxes. For many companies, modifications to intercompany pricing that reduce taxes payable and utilize losses are overlooked tax savings opportunities.
A multinational company's transfer prices of goods, royalties, services and loans affect where profits are generated, or the losses incurred in each country. For companies impacted by COVID-19, an assessment of estimated taxes payable and losses by country can highlight tax savings opportunities.
Joel Zwicker is the “insurance evangelist” at Agency Revolution and formerly an agent at one of Canada’s largest independent insurance agencies. He now works to provide independent insurance agents with the best marketing tools for their unique needs
James joined Vertafore in 2017 to lead Corporate Development and Strategy, shepherding the company through major acquisitions and a transition in ownership to Roper Technologies. After 3+ years of steering our growth in that role, he now oversees the Product Management organization as Chief Product Officer. With extensive experience in strategy, technology, and insurance, James and his team are driving Vertafore’s leadership position in Insurance Technology.
Previously, James was a strategy consultant at McKinsey & Company in its Seattle, New York, and San Francisco offices, supporting companies in developing their strategic visions and executing commercial strategies, with a focus on financial services. James also served in a variety of finance and strategy roles in the telecommunications industry with Telus Communications, a leading Canadian telecommunications company.
Sarah E. Adkisson, Esq., is a senior tax law analyst at Corvee, a software and solutions company serving tax and accounting firms. At Corvee, she works as part of the team that develops and maintains the Corvee tax planning software.
For many cross-border businesses, well-established policies have facilitated the pricing of intercompany goods, royalties, and services transactions over many years. However, even the most robust transfer pricing policies were not designed for pandemic-driven closures. As a result, multinational companies have a high global effective tax rate even when incurring company-wide losses. Paying unnecessary income tax bills is particularly painful for those companies already short on cash.
Tangible tax savings
An example may best illustrate the potential for savings from revisiting transfer pricing policies in the wake of the pandemic. In this situation, a wholly owned manufacturer relies on a sizeable cost-plus margin policy when selling inventory to the parent company.
For a subsidiary in a 30 percent tax rate jurisdiction, a $2 million reduction in transfer prices leads to $600,000 in tax savings by utilizing tax-inefficient parent company losses. Corrections to royalty rates and service fees have similar impacts. The result is the same: utilizing tax net operating losses in Country A while reducing Country B’s taxes. That being said, there does need to be economic substance to justify these changes.
Implementing tax savings
Utilizing tax NOLs in Country A while paying fewer income taxes in Country B is, at first glance, a straightforward concept. However, implementing corrections to transfer pricing often requires some planning. In my experience, senior management on both sides of the border needs to be involved in the decision-making process. Other issues, such as adjustments to Customs entries, are additional complications. Transfer pricing documentation is often well-advised support for changes to transfer prices.
Tax auditors may have questions about why transfer prices have changed. COVID-19 has transformed the global business environment, but preparing support to quantify the pandemic's impact on a company is advisable. Furthermore, making modifications before year-end is less complicated than afterward.
Now more than ever, multinational companies should consider modifications to transfer prices when assessing their global effective tax rate; however, changes to cross-border taxes need to be explained. While there are some complications, cash and tax savings can be well worth the effort.
