On election night, Democratic campaign consultants may have been wondering, “Where did all these voters come from?” But unless the next Congress sets a legislative course over the next few months, Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi may soon be wondering, “Where did all the voters go?”
The incoming Biden administration will need to navigate an extremely rough economic path ahead. Congress has struggled to reach an agreement for another round of stimulus to provide emergency relief for families and businesses. Now they must act before the “dark winter” ahead further deteriorates the economic recovery.
William Holder serves as dean of the USC Leventhal School of Accounting, and holds the Alan Casden Dean’s Chair of Accountancy. Prior to his current post, he was the Ernst & Young Professor of Accounting and director of the SEC and Financial Reporting Institute in the Marshall School of Business at the University of Southern California. Dean Holder has published extensively on the subjects of financial accounting and reporting and auditing. He has received numerous awards during his career, including being twice named as one of the “Top 100 People” in the accounting profession and receiving the AICPA Gold Medal for Distinguished Service, the highest honor awarded by that organization. He has served on a number of governance and standard setting authorities including the Accounting Standards Executive Committee of the AICPA and the Governmental Accounting Standards Board. During congressional hearings leading to passage of the Sarbanes/Oxley Act, he provided invited testimony about financial reporting, auditing and corporate governance.
Udi Hoitash is an accounting professor at Northeastern University in Boston.
Jen Farrell is director of agent and customer research at Liberty Mutual and Safeco Insurance, supporting independent agent distribution and product development. In her role, she conducts primary research and interprets industry trends to ensure Liberty Mutual and Safeco take a data-driven approach to the agent and customer experience. Jen brings nearly 15 years of experience in research and digital analytics, previously working with some of the world’s largest brands to uncover marketing insights and answer critical business questions. When she’s not studying consumers, independent agents, or the insurance industry, she can be found hiking through the woods in New England.
Gross domestic product, the broadest measure of goods and services produced across the economy, decreased at an annual rate of 32.9 percent in the second quarter of 2020, followed by a surged of 33.1 percent in the third quarter, in part due to earlier rounds of fiscal stimulus when businesses were offered Economic Injury Disaster Loans and forgivable Paycheck Protection Program loans, and individuals received direct payments and extended unemployment benefits.
Economic experts believe the current surge is not enough to stop continued losses incurred by various segments of economy.
“While the strong bounce back in activity from the initial devastation of COVID-19 was heartening, the recovery thus far has been highly uneven, and the path ahead is highly uncertain,” said Federal Reserve Governor Lael Brainard in a speech last month at the Society of Professional Economists annual online conference.
This highly uneven and uncertain bounce indicates the prospect of a K-shaped recovery, where some sectors continue to recover, while others see a steady decline.
The new stimulus package must focus on the sectors facing difficulties ahead to avoid colossal damage and massive layoffs.
According to the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, approximately 4 million small businesses — 13 percent of America’s 31 million smallest employers — have now exhausted their PPP loans, and many face permanent closure without further assistance.
According to the National Restaurant Association, the restaurant industry will lose $240 billion. U.S airlines may be forced to furlough 75,000 pilots, flight attendants, mechanics and other workers by the end of 2020 if Congress doesn’t act.
States and municipalities are now on verge of extreme shortfalls due to declines in tax revenues and rises in additional costs. Local governments that fund and operate public school systems will need more funding. “The average school district will face $1.8 million, or $485 per student, in additional costs for disinfectants, personal protective equipment and other preparations to bring students into classrooms this year,” according to the Association of School Business Officials.
The Federal Reserve’s Survey of Consumer Finances indicates that cash-strained households will continue to suffer as a result of continued unemployment and reduced working hours. The CARES Act did support these households either through direct payments or enhanced unemployment benefits this year, but the financial security of these households will depend on whether unemployment benefits will be extended or supplemented next year.
Therefore, it is imperative for Congress to ensure that the recovery reaches those who have been disproportionately affected. A targeted fiscal support can turn a K-shaped recovery into a broad-based, inclusive recovery to eliminate shortfalls in employment and provide a better outcome overall.
